Section 3: ZkProver Overview

The role of zkProver

zkProver is the core component in zkEVM and is responsible for handling the proof and verification of transactions. It implements the rules valid for all transactions and enforces these rules when executing transactions. zkProver generates zero-knowledge proofs by performing complex mathematical calculations. These calculations are performed in polynomial and assembly language, ensuring the privacy and correctness of transactions. The generated zero-knowledge proof can be used by a verifier (such as a smart contract) to verify the validity of a transaction without looking at the specific content of the transaction. This verification process ensures transparency and trustworthiness of transactions.

zkProver execution and verification process

When a transaction is submitted to zkEVM, zkProver starts executing. It first checks whether the transaction complies with all rules and constraints. If the transaction is valid, zkProver performs complex mathematical calculations using polynomials and assembly language to generate a zero-knowledge proof. This proof contains all important information about the transaction, but hides the specific transaction details. This zero-knowledge proof is then sent to the smart contract for verification. Smart contracts use predefined rules and algorithms to verify the validity of proofs. If the verification is successful, the smart contract will accept the transaction and make corresponding changes in the state tree or exit tree. This ensures the legality and security of the transaction. Overall, by introducing core components like zkProver, zkEVM is able to provide greater security and privacy while maintaining compatibility with the existing Ethereum ecosystem. This is expected to drive wider adoption and development of its applications in decentralized finance, non-fungible tokens and other areas.